Prambanan - Symbol of Hindu Glory in Indonesia

When you to Yogyakarta, sempatkanlah visit one of UNESCO world heritage site and the largest Hindu temples in Southeast Asia, Prambanan. Prambanan temple is a building that was built in the 10th century during the reign of two kings, and Rakai Rakai Pikatan Balitung.

Rose as high as 47 feet (5 meters higher than Borobudur temple), the foundation of this temple has fulfilled the desire to show Hindu triumph in the land of Java. This temple is located 17 kilometers from the city center, 40 km west of Surakarta and 120 km south of Semarang, just on the border between the provinces of Central Java and Yogyakarta. In the middle area of ??the temple was built park.





There is a legend that Javanese people always tell about this temple. Once, a man named Roro Jonggrang Bondowoso love. Because of his love, Jonggrang asked Bondowoso make 1000 temples with statues in one night. The request was nearly fulfilled Jonggrang asked the villagers to pound rice and make a big fire that created an atmosphere like the morning. Bondowoso who only completed 999 statues cursed into a statue to Jonggrang-1000 because he felt cheated. By many in the Prambanan temple is often referred to as the Loro Jonggrang.

In 1733, this temple was found by the CA. Lons a Dutch nationality. Then in 1855 Jan Willem IJzerman began cleaning up and move some rocks and soil from the chambers of the temple. Some time later Isaac Groneman do a major overhaul and temple stones were piled haphazardly along the River Opak.

In 1902-1903, Theodoor van Erp keep parts are prone to collapse. In the years 1918-1926, followed by the Bureau of Archeological (Oudheidkundige Dienst) under PJ Perquin in a more methodical and systematic, as known to his predecessors did the removal and demolition of thousands of rock without thinking of the restoration effort back.

De Haan in 1926 continued until his death in 1930. In 1931 was replaced by Ir. V.R. van Romondt up in 1942 and later handed over leadership of the renovation was to the son of Indonesia and it continued until 1993.

Many parts of the temple is renovated, using new stones, as many original stones were stolen or reused elsewhere. A temple will only be restored if at least 75% of the original stones are still there. Therefore, many small temples are not rebuilt and only the foundations are visible.

Prambanan temple has three main temples in the primary yard, namely Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva. These three temples are symbols of Trimurti in Hindu belief. All three temples were facing east. Each main temple has accompanying temple facing to the west, namely Nandini for Shiva, Swan to Brahma, and Garuda for Vishnu. In addition, there are two temples wedge, four-color temples, and the four corners of the temple. In the second there are 224 temples.


Entering the Shiva temple located in the middle and the highest building, you'll see four rooms. One main room contains a statue of Shiva, while the other three rooms each with a statue of Durga (Shiva's wife), Agastya (Shiva's teacher), and Ganesha (Shiva's son). Durga is touted as the statue of Roro Jonggrang described in the legend above.




In the Vishnu temple is located in the north of Shiva temple, you will only find one room with a statue of Vishnu. Likewise, the Brahma temple located south of the Shiva temple, you will only find one room with a statue of Brahma.

Quite attractive accompanying temple is Garuda temple that is located near the temple of Vishnu. This temple keeps a story of half-bird human being named Garuda. Garuda is a mystical bird in Hindu mythology, who was gold, white face, red wings, beak and wings like an eagle.

It is estimated, the figure is Hindu adaptation of Bennu figure (means 'rises' or 'shining', usually associated with the god Re) in ancient Egyptian mythology or Phoenix in Old Greek mythology. Garuda succeeded in saving his mother from the curse of Aruna (Garuda's handicapped brother) by stealing Tirta Amrita (holy water of the gods).
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Prambanan also has panels of relief describing the story of Ramayana. According to experts, the relief is similar to the Ramayana story is revealed through oral traditions. Another interesting relief is Kalpataru tree that the Hindu religion is considered as a tree of life, sustainability and environmental compatibility. In Prambanan, relief of Kalpataru tree is described lions flanking the center. The existence of this tree makes experts consider that the people of the 9th century had wisdom to manage its environment.

On May 27, 2006 earthquake with a strength of 5.9 on a scale hit Bantul and surrounding areas. The earthquake caused severe damage to many buildings and deaths in the population there. One of the badly damaged building is the Prambanan complex, especially the Brahma temple. Until now, this improvement is still underway and some of them already completed.

To achieve Prambanan, fairly easy, with a wide range of flight options you can get to and from downtown Yogyakarta warm, you can rent a car or taxi to Prambanan temple takes about half an hour.

Jeep Develop 9-Speed ​​Transmission

Transmission technology seems on the rise because some car manufacturers incentive to make the transfer of motion with the number of teeth a lot more than most. The goal, to reduce exhaust emissions.

Including the Jeep Grand Cherokee that has received a ration of 8 speed transmission ZF products for the variant 2012. Even the American car manufacturer, is now developing a 9 speed transmission. The new transmission will fill the Grand Cherokee variants of V6 and V8 engines with front-wheel drive system.

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Search Traces Napoleon in Java - Indonesia

 Archipelago not only never colonized by the Dutch. France was never colonized. The famous French emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte, once said, "Keep Java, at any price!"
He revealed the matter to the Minister of Marine and Colonies French Admiral Decres Region in October 1810.

At the beginning of the 19th century was, in the Indian Ocean, the French only have power in Mauritius, Bourton, and Java. Even between 1808 and 1811, lived French colony of Java that remains. 

When the Governor General in Java, Daendels repeatedly asked Napoleon sent troops to help defend the island from invasion of England. However, that ultimately sent the Janssens, sycophant generals who understand the science of logistics more than the science of war. 


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Messages and Thoughts Before Steve Jobs Died

NEW YORK - Steve Jobs, founder and former CEO of Apple, is touted as one of the most influential people in this century, both in business and technology innovation. He became such a phenomenon with a lot of thought gave birth to a precious and memorable. Apple legend, died Wednesday (05/10/2011) after battling pancreatic cancer. So what are his thoughts during his lifetime. The following statements are flung.  

Steve Jobs speech at Stanford University in 2005.

"Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most effective ways for daring to make a major life decision. For all the hope, pride, shame and fear of failure will not mean if faced with death. Given that we are going to die is the best way to avoid thought to fear failure. there is no reason for you not to follow your heart. "

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Sex Scandal legendary rapper Tupac Shakur

New York: Sex, drugs and rock n roll maybe three things that unfolds from a video nasty which displays the figure of legendary rapper Tupac Shakur. The latest traces found indicates that the star is doing sex scenes, smoking and singing the song turns.

The clip, filmed at a house party in 1991, also featuring Tupac was chatting with Money-B of Digital Underground. Meanwhile, the women continued their actions.

As recently quoted by TMZ, the star - who was shot dead at age 25 in 1996, was known to drink with one hand and smoke with the other hand.

This case adds to a long list of celebrities nasty case of recordings, such as those experienced by Pamela Anderson and Kim Kardhasian which also revealed their bed nude scenes.

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Vacation Tips in Bali - Indonesia

For those of you who want cheap holiday in Bali, or the streets with a minimal budget, here are some tips that can be tried for the Bali:

backpacker-bali1. Avoid the holiday season as June-August school holidays, holiday Idul Fitri, Christmas and New Year long weekend or a well. In such vacation period, prices will rise at all. Price rent a car or motorcycle, hotels, tour packages and others will rise. Remember the law of economics, the more demand, the more expensive the price:)

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Ngaben, The Balinese Cremation Ceremony

The most remarkable ritual in the Balinese culture that we can see is Ngaben (Balinese cremation), weather it is followed by a cremation of real body or corpse or not. The complex and time, energy and fund consuming ritual have come to the view of society as the bigger load of their life. This type of inflated ritual must have started from royal palace that much possible started from 13th century, then followed by the ordinary people. It is likely also that the priest or pandita have given the hope to the people that by doing such as inflated ritual a promise of Sorga (Heaven) or good life after death.

Other reason it would have been the chaos of castes where each group claimed or traced their progenitors to high person of the past by showing that they performed the great ceremony. This is a fact when a certain family can only use tower with only one roof, 3 roofs, or even 11 roofs on the death body vehicle during the cremation. This is to illustrate the social status of the dead and his family as the high class descendants.

Cremation is a purification ceremony atma (soul) as the first phase of the Hindu Balinese sacred duty to his ancestors by performing procession funeral pyre. 

As I wrote in an article about pitra Yadnya, the human body consists of rough body, soft body and karma. Gross human body is formed of five elements of so called Panca Maha Bhuta ie pertiwi (solid), apah (liquid), Teja (hot substance) wind (wind) and akasa (space). The five elements are fused to form human physical and driven by the atma (spirit). When people die who die are just rough body, Atma was not. Well cremation is the process of purification atma / soul as it leaves the rough body.

 

Procession cremation ceremony performed with a variety of processes and tools in the form upakara sadjen and completeness as well as symbols such as the oft-performed other rituals Balinese Hindus. Ngaben done to humans who died and his body was still there, also people who died there was no dead body was swept away like the sea and ill bodies are discovered the plane crash who had burned his body, or such as the Bali bombing case 1 where some of the bodies could not be identified because it was cut into pieces or so of ash from the explosion.

For cremation procession there is no body who is done by making the symbol and take the fistful of soil location death and then burned. Who performed in many stages of cremation. Starting from bathing the corpse, ngajum, burning and nyekah. Each stage uses a means of offerings (offerings) that is different. When there's decedent, his family would face on the pastor to ask when there is a good day to carry out the cremation. Usually the reply will be given time no more than 7 days from the day of death.

Having obtained the day (funeral pyre), then the family will spend the first ritual that is Nyiramin layon (bathe the corpse). The body will be bathed by the Brahmins as clusters because of their social status have an obligation to it. Finished bathing, the bodies will be subject to a complete Balinese traditional clothes. Next is a procession ngajum, the procession of releasing the spirit by making use of cloth pictorial simbol2 unsur2 purification of the spirit.

Borobudur History

Borobudur is the name of a Buddhist temple located in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Location of the temple is approximately 100 miles southwest of Semarang and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. This temple was founded by the Mahayana Buddhists around the year 800 AD during the reign of the dynasty dynasty. In Chinese, this temple is also called (Hanyu Pinyin: po luo fu tu) in Mandarin.

Borobudur Temple resurfaced in 1814 when Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles, the British governor-general who became guardian country hold events in Semarang Indonesia, Raffles time getting information that has been discovered in the area Kedu pictorial arrangement of stones, then he sent for a Dutchman Cornelius clean. This work was continued by the Resident Kedu named Hartman in 1835. 

In addition to cleaning activities, he also conducted research in particular towards the top of the stupa of Borobudur temple, but unfortunately on this research report was never published. Documentation in the form of image building and temple reliefs made ​​by Wilsen for 4 years since 1849, while the photographs document created in 1873 by Van Kinsbergen. According to the legend of Borobudur Temple was founded by architect Gunadharma, but historically it is not certain. Casparis opinion based on interpretation of the inscription dates to 824 AD and 842 AD inscription Kahulunan Sri, the founder of the Borobudur Temple is Smaratungga who reigned from 782-812 AD during the dynasty dynasty. Borobudur was built to glorify the Mahayana Buddhism.

Opinions Dumarcay Borobudur temple established in the five stages of development, namely:

- Phase I + 780 AD
- Phase II and III + 792 AD
- Phase IV + 824 AD
- Phase V + 833 AD

In sequence, the story of the temple reliefs mean briefly as follows:
KarmawibhanggaOne of the temple wall carvings at Borobudur Karmawibhangga (southeast corner of the floor 0)
In accordance with the symbolic meaning of the foot of the temple, reliefs which adorn the walls of a hidden shelf that illustrate the law of karma. Rows of relief is not a story of the series (serial), but in every frame illustrates a story that has a causal correlation. Relief will not only give an idea of ​​human moral turpitude accompanied by penalties that would obtain, but also human and reward good deeds. Overall, the portrayal of human life within the circle of birth - life - death (samsara) which is never ending, and by Buddhism chain is exactly what will be ended to to perfection.
Lalitawistara
History is a depiction of the Buddha in a row of reliefs (but not a complete history) that starts from the Buddha's descent from heaven Tusita, and ends with the first sermon in the Deer Park near the city of Banaras. These reliefs lined the stairs on the south side, after a row exceeded the relief of 27 frames starting from the east side of the stairs. To-27 frames are busy describing, both in heaven and in the world, in preparation to welcome the presence of the last incarnation of the Bodhisattva as the Buddha. The reliefs depict the birth of the Buddha in this arcapada as Prince Siddhartha, son of the King and Queen Maya Suddhodana of Kapilavastu Affairs. Relief amounted to 120 frames, which ended with the first sermon, which is symbolically expressed as the Turning of the Wheel of Dharma, the Buddha's teaching is called dharma also means "law", while the dharma is represented as a wheel.
Jataka and Awadana
Jataka stories of Buddha was born as Prince Siddhartha before. Protrusion of contents is the subject of good works, which distinguishes the Bodhisattvas of any other creature. Indeed, the collection service / good deed is a preparatory stage in the level of effort towards the Buddhahood.
While Awadana, basically almost the same as the Jataka but the culprit is not the Bodhisattvas, but other people and the stories collected in the book Diwyawadana which means noble godlike deeds, and the book Awadana Awadanasataka or a hundred stories. In the reliefs of Borobudur temple and awadana Jataka, treated equally, meaning that they occur in the same row without distinction. The set of the best known of the life of the Bodhisattva is Jatakamala or strands of Jataka stories, Aryasura and poet who lived in the 4th century AD.
Gandawyuha
Is a row of reliefs adorn the walls of the hall to-2, is the story of a wandering Sudhana tirelessly in his quest for knowledge about the Supreme Truth by Sudhana. Description of the frame 460 based on Mahayana Buddhist scripture entitled Gandawyuha, and for the lid on the story of another Bhadracari. 

The Legend of KRI (Republic of Indonesia Ship) Dewaruci

KRI (Republic of Indonesia Ship) Dewaruci is training ship for midshipmen / cadets, the Naval Academy, Navy. This ship is based in Surabaya and is the largest yachts owned by the Navy. The name of the ship is taken from the name of god in Javanese wayang story, namely Dewa Ruci.

KRI Dewaruci

58.5-meter vessel measuring 9.5 meters and width of the class is built on HC Barquentine Stulchen & Sohn Hamburg, Germany and is the only high-mast sailing ship shipyard's products in 1952 is still worthy of the three screens ever produced. Shipbuilding was begun in 1932, but stopped because of World War II shipyards maker badly damaged. The ship was finally completed in 1952 and inaugurated in 1953.

Dewaruci created in 1952 by H.C. Stulchen & Sohn of Hamburg, West Germany, first launched on January 24, 1953, and in July was destined to Indonesia by the Navy midshipmen and cadets ALRI. After that KRI Dewaruci based in Surabaya, was assigned as a training ship that sailed to the islands of Indonesia and also overseas.

The arrival of KRI Dewaruci 

In each visit, KRI Dewaruci never quiet at the time of the open ship carried. Where local communities and citizens can visit and look around the ship. A distinctive feature is the KRI Dewaruci various dance performances and other cultural arts from various regions in Indonesia are carried out by the crew the ship. Cultural richness and diversity of Indonesia became one of the attractions for visitors KRI Dewaruci. The crew of the ship which is also a training ship for Naval Academy midshipmen, living the life boat that requires its own physical and mental strength, but on the other hand can become cultural ambassadors of Indonesia.

The visitors, finding a distinctive characteristic of the ship Dewaruci. No wonder, according to the narrative of the crew, in every stopover in the port cities of Europe there is always a community of fans KRI Dewaruci. Especially considering the age of the ship that was built in 1953, including the antique to the size of the class who can still sail.

After visiting 28 cities (22 countries), KRI Dewaruci created in 1953, the last stopover in Colombo, Sri Lanka, which is a city of the 29th (all 23 states) who visited and is the last port before returning to homeland after traveling for 8 months. Last but not least, in Colombo, KRI Dewaruci together with the Embassy in Colombo fixed maximum Indonesian diplomatic missions. KRI Dewaruci was in Colombo from the date of 3 to 6 November 2010. 

The Origins of Leak Bali

Leak in Balinese legend refers to a terrible drama inspired by black magic key figures of the Candidate Charcoal. The story is written in the script illustrates that during the administration of grants in the 11th century there is a widow in a village called Candidate Charcoal Girah had a lovely daughter.

His daughter name is Ratna Manggali, which has reached adultery, but no one among the youth of the village and its surroundings have the courage to approach a virgin. This is because the mother is known to have knowledge of black magic, evil and practiced it, and with a bad attitude that causes many people to die and even hatred among the people increased, but is used as a temptation for the thirsty needs of black magic.

In Balinese mythology, Leak is the wicked witch. Le ak meaning witches and evil means. Leak can only be seen at night by the shamans hunters leak. In daylight he looks like a human being, while at night he was in the cemetery to find the organs in the human body uses to make magic potions. Magic potions that can change the shape of the leak into a tiger, monkey, pig or be like Rangda. If necessary he can also take organs from living people.

It is told also that Leak can be either a human head with the organs that are still hanging in the head. Leak said to be flying to search for pregnant women, to then suck the blood of babies who are still in the womb. There are three well-known leak. Two of them were female and one male.

According to Balinese belief, Leak was a human being who practice bad magic and need blood to live embryos. It also said that Leak can turn themselves into pigs or a ball of fire, while the actual shape Leyak has a long tongue and sharp teeth. Some people say that Leak magic only works on the island of Bali, so that Leak is found only in Bali.

If someone stabbed the neck Leak from the bottom towards the head when the head separated from his body, then Leak can not be reunited with his body. If the head is separated at a certain time period, then Leak will die.

Perhaps the leak story is a man who is practicing black magic and has the behavior of cannibalism. It is said that Leak flying around trying to find a pregnant woman to suck the blood of an infant or newborn child, to complete their magical abilities. There are three legendary Leak, two female and one male .. Leak said to haunt the cemetery, eat the corpse, has the power to transform themselves into animals, and even he shaped with a golden monkey or rat tooth, a ball of fire and even a giant bald. It is said that he has a very long tongue and large fangs.

This one is even known by all the inhabitants of Indonesia, is a typical memedi derived and may only exist in Bali. Wicked witch (Le means witches and evil means Ak) is usually roam the night in the cemetery to look for human organs (either living or dead) to be used as a potion to turn it into a stealth tigers, monkeys, pigs, balls of fire, or even existed as Rangda (Queen Leak, who led troops kidnap and wizards and often eat a small child).

Leak said to be visible only at night by traditional hunters Leak, because by noon he was ordinary human form. Its original form is a creature with very long tongue and sharp teeth, there is also confidence that displays the form Leak as a human head that flies with the body's organs without bodies hanging underneath (much like the legend Kuyang in Borneo with a flying head without a body also disguised as a man who always wears a robe in the daytime). Leak main prey other than small children are pregnant women who will she suction the baby's blood to survive his birth. Because of his magic works only in Bali, Leak only be found on this island.